Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The area was settled in the 1870s and converted from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species. Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre. Click here for further information.

The images below were made during a site visit by Dr. Débora C. Rother of the Departamento de Ecologia, UNESP - Rio Claro - SP Laboratório de Ecologia e Restauração Florestal, Esalq/USP - Piracicaba, Brazil.

Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre.

Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre.

Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre.

Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre. Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre. Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre. Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre. Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre. Restoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, YellowsRestoration of Lands on the Gardiner Basin Winter Range, Yellowstone National Park, Montana, USA. The
area was settled in the 1870s and converted
from native vegetation to cropland and non-native grasslands. The area was acquired by the park in the 1930s. However, the habitat further degraded through the planting and seeding of non-native crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum) and other non-native invasive species.
Restoration efforts were initiated in 2008. The efforts consist of 1. maximizing weed
control using chemical, mechanical, and cultural techniques; 2. site preparation using a barley/winter wheat cover crop to hold and decompact soil, provide competition with weeds, stimulate soil biota, and increase soil organic
material; 3. fencing to exclude ungulate use during site preparation through native seed
planting/ germination/ establishment; and 4. drill seeding native seeds at a rate of 16-22 lbs per acre.